Garfish is a long, slender, and oily fish that’s commonly found in coastal waters, and while it may not always be a popular table fish, it shines in a different arena as fishing bait. Anglers from various regions swear by the effectiveness of using garfish as bait, particularly when targeting large predatory species. Its shiny, reflective scales, soft texture, and natural scent make it an irresistible offering for many game fish. Whether you’re deep-sea fishing, surfcasting, or setting up a bait rig for larger species, garfish offers flexibility and proven results when used properly.
Why Garfish Makes Excellent Bait
Natural Appeal to Predatory Fish
Garfish is part of the natural diet of many larger fish species. Its slim, silvery body mimics smaller baitfish like pilchards and sardines. The reflective skin catches light underwater, which triggers predatory instincts in species such as:
- Snapper
- Kingfish
- Tuna
- Trevally
- Spanish mackerel
- Barracuda
Its high oil content also releases a strong scent trail, drawing in fish from a distance.
Versatile and Easy to Use
One of the most attractive qualities of using garfish as bait is its versatility. It can be fished whole, filleted, cut into strips, or even used live depending on your target species and fishing method. Whether you’re casting from a boat or from shore, garfish can be adapted to suit the situation.
Best Ways to Use Garfish as Bait
Whole Garfish Bait
Using whole garfish works especially well when targeting larger predator fish. To rig a whole garfish bait, many anglers use a two-hook setup one hook through the nose and the second through the tail or body. This allows for a secure hold and natural movement in the water. It’s particularly effective for trolling or drift fishing in open water.
Strip Baits
When fishing for smaller or mid-sized species, cutting garfish into strips is a good approach. These strips can be hooked onto small hooks for bottom fishing or surf fishing. Their softness and scent release make them attractive, but they can be prone to falling off if not hooked correctly. To maximize effectiveness, hook the strip through the skin side and avoid overly large pieces.
Live Bait
In some areas, live garfish can be caught and used immediately as bait. Live bait presents the most natural movement and is highly effective when fishing for fast-swimming predators. Use a small hook through the back or nose and keep the fish in an aerated bucket until needed. This method requires delicate handling to keep the garfish lively and appealing in the water.
Butterflied Garfish
Butterflying a garfish slicing it open and flattening the body exposes the flesh and allows for maximum scent dispersion. This method works well for bottom-dwelling species and slow-moving currents. It also reduces spinning in the water, which can occur when bait isn’t balanced properly.
Where and When to Use Garfish as Bait
Inshore and Offshore Fishing
Garfish bait performs well both inshore and offshore. Inshore anglers can use it for estuary and reef fishing, where species like snapper and trevally patrol. Offshore, garfish can attract tuna, mackerel, and other pelagics, especially when trolling or using chum to bring fish closer to the boat.
Ideal Conditions
Garfish works best in clear to moderately clear waters where its reflective scales are visible. Morning and late afternoon are prime times when predatory fish are more active. It’s also a great bait during spawning seasons or when other natural baitfish are present in the water.
Tips for Storing and Handling Garfish Bait
Fresh vs. Frozen
Fresh garfish is always preferable when available, but frozen garfish still works well when stored correctly. If freezing, ensure each fish is laid flat and individually wrapped or vacuum sealed to maintain texture and avoid freezer burn. Defrost only what you plan to use to preserve freshness.
Cutting and Rigging
- Use a sharp knife to avoid tearing the soft flesh.
- Keep the bait cold on ice until use.
- Rig the bait in a way that maintains natural movement avoid excessive hardware that might make it spin or look unnatural in the water.
Scent Enhancement
Some anglers dip garfish bait in fish oils or use bait enhancers to intensify the scent trail. This can be especially useful when fishing in areas with strong currents or low visibility, helping fish locate the bait faster.
Common Mistakes When Using Garfish
Overhandling
Because garfish has delicate flesh, excessive handling can damage its appearance and make it less attractive to fish. Always handle gently and avoid squeezing or bending it too much during rigging.
Incorrect Hook Size
Using hooks that are too large or too small can result in missed bites or bait that falls off easily. Match your hook size to the type of garfish bait you’re using smaller for strip baits, larger for whole fish.
Not Checking Local Regulations
In some regions, there may be restrictions on using garfish as bait, particularly if it’s a protected species or commonly used as food. Always check local fishing rules to avoid penalties or environmental harm.
Target Species That Respond to Garfish
Saltwater Species
- King Mackerel
- Yellowtail Kingfish
- Cobia
- Tuna
- Barracuda
- Snapper
Estuary Species
- Flathead
- Trevally
- Jewfish
- Tailor
The wide range of species that respond to garfish demonstrates its value as a go-to bait for many saltwater fishing situations.
Using garfish as bait is a tried-and-true method for both amateur and experienced anglers. Its natural scent, oily texture, and shimmering appearance make it effective for attracting a broad range of predatory fish. Whether you use it whole, in strips, or live, garfish offers reliable performance in various fishing environments. By storing it properly, choosing the right rigging method, and understanding when and where to use it, you can significantly increase your chances of a successful day on the water. It’s a bait option that’s simple, effective, and worthy of a place in any tackle box.