Nitrifying bacteria play a crucial role in the nitrogen cycle, helping convert ammonia (NH₃) into nitrites (NO₂⁻) and then into nitrates (NO₃⁻). This process, known as nitrification, is essential for maintaining soil fertility and water quality. Without these bacteria, harmful ammonia would accumulate, disrupting ecosystems and making nitrogen unavailable for plant growth. In this topic, …
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) plays a crucial role in genetic processes, including protein synthesis and gene expression. One of its key components is the sugar moiety, which helps define the structure and function of RNA. Unlike DNA, which contains deoxyribose, RNA features a different sugar known as ribose. This distinction is essential for RNA’s unique properties …
Lactose, commonly known as milk sugar, is a disaccharide carbohydrate found in dairy products. When hydrolyzed, lactose breaks down into two simple sugars (monosaccharides): glucose and galactose. This reaction is crucial for digestion and has significant applications in food, medicine, and biotechnology. Understanding Lactose Hydrolysis What Is Hydrolysis? Hydrolysis is a chemical process where a …