The English word ‘since’ is commonly used in both formal and informal communication. It can indicate time, cause, or a logical relationship between two ideas. Understanding how this word is used and how it translates into Tagalog can be helpful for language learners, especially those who are trying to master conversational or academic English and apply it in a Filipino context. In Tagalog, the meaning of ‘since’ varies depending on how it’s used in a sentence, making it a flexible but sometimes confusing word to translate.
Understanding the Word ‘Since’
In English, ‘since’ has multiple functions. It can be a:
- Preposition– to refer to a time from the past until now (e.g., I have lived here since 2010).
- Conjunction– to express cause or reason (e.g., Since it’s raining, we’ll stay indoors).
- Adverb– often used to emphasize a time (e.g., I haven’t seen him since).
Because ‘since’ plays different grammatical roles, its translation in Tagalog also shifts depending on the context. The most common Tagalog equivalents aremula noong,simula noong, anddahil.
Tagalog Translation of ‘Since’ (Time-Related)
Using ‘Since’ to Refer to Time
When ‘since’ refers to a point in time, it generally translates to:
- Mula noong– since as in since that time
- Simula noong– beginning from that time
Here are examples to illustrate:
- English: I have been working here since 2015.
Tagalog: Nagtatrabaho ako ditomula noong2015. - English: She has not visited us since last summer.
Tagalog: Hindi niya kami dinalawsimula noongnakaraang tag-init.
In these examples, ‘since’ clearly indicates a starting point in the past that continues to the present. This is a common use in both spoken and written English, and in Tagalog, the emphasis is often on continuity from a particular point in time.
Tagalog Translation of ‘Since’ (Cause or Reason)
Using ‘Since’ to Explain Reasons
When ‘since’ is used to express a reason or cause, the Tagalog equivalent often becomes:
- Dahil– because
- Sapagkat– for/since
- Dahil sa– because of
Examples include:
- English: Since you’re tired, you should rest.
Tagalog: Dahilpagod ka, dapat kang magpahinga. - English: We left early since it was getting dark.
Tagalog: Umalis kami nang maagadahilnagdidilim na.
In these sentences, since functions more like because. It helps explain the reason why something happened. In Tagalog, dahil is one of the most commonly used conjunctions to express this kind of causal relationship.
Using ‘Since’ as an Adverb in Tagalog
When used alone or without a clearly stated time, ‘since’ can also act as an adverb. In Tagalog, you may not translate it literally, but instead use context to express the intended meaning. For example:
- English: I haven’t seen her since.
Tagalog: Hindi ko na siya nakita mula noon. - English: They moved away years ago, and we haven’t spoken since.
Tagalog: Lumipat sila noon pa, at hindi na kami nag-usapmula noon.
Mula noon is the preferred phrase to suggest that an action or condition has continued or remained unchanged after a certain time. It captures the meaning of since without directly copying the word.
Why Context Matters in Translating ‘Since’
The translation of since in Tagalog greatly depends on its function within a sentence. Here’s a quick summary to remember:
- Usemula noongorsimula noongwhen referring to time.
- Usedahil,dahil sa, orsapagkatwhen expressing reasons.
- Usemula noonwhen referring back to a past event as an adverb.
One word in English may have multiple meanings or functions, and Tagalog responds to those nuances with different phrases. This makes Filipino a rich and expressive language that adapts depending on context.
Practical Tips for Learners
Improving Usage of ‘Since’ in Conversations
For English-to-Tagalog learners, or vice versa, practice is key to mastering the use of ‘since.’ Try the following:
- Write sample sentences using since in all its forms preposition, conjunction, and adverb.
- Translate real-life conversations or texts from English to Tagalog and identify how since is translated.
- Listen to Filipino TV shows or news where they use mula noong or dahil to get used to how they flow naturally in speech.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Sometimes, new learners mistakenly use only one translation for all uses of ‘since.’ Avoid using mula noong when you mean because, or dahil when you’re referring to time. Each context requires attention to meaning.
The word since plays a significant role in English grammar, used to indicate both time and cause. In Tagalog, the translation varies based on how it’s used ranging from mula noong and simula noong for time, to dahil or sapagkat for expressing reasons. Learning to identify these contexts will help improve accuracy and fluency when switching between English and Tagalog. As with most language concepts, understanding and consistent practice will lead to greater confidence and mastery.